The Martian atmosphere is the thin and variable layer of gases surrounding Mars. It is primarily composed of carbon dioxide (95.32%), nitrogen (2.7%), and argon (1.6%), with trace amounts of oxygen and water vapor. The atmosphere is much thinner than Earth's, with an average surface pressure of about 6.36 millibars compared to Earth's 1,013 millibars. Research on the Martian atmosphere involves studying its composition, structure, and dynamics, as well as how it affects the planet's climate, weather, and potential habitability. Scientists are also interested in understanding the processes that have shaped the atmosphere over time, such as the loss of volatiles to space and the role of geological and meteorological phenomena in altering atmospheric conditions. Recent missions to Mars, such as the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) spacecraft, have provided valuable data on the Martian atmosphere and helped to improve our understanding of the planet's climate history and potential for supporting life. Ongoing research is focused on further unraveling the mysteries of the Martian atmosphere and its implications for the planet's past, present, and future.